Obstacle recognition: algorithms detect objects larger than 1 cm. Benefit: reduces collisions with small obstacles and supports smoother operation around pets, cables, and small items. Plugandplay design: shockproof connection pins. Benefit: easy setup with reliable electrical connections and minimized risk of loose contacts. Obstacle avoidance design: prevents the sweeping robot from falling from a height; when a collision is detected, the collision sensor triggers the obstacle avoidance mechanism, protecting the robot and furniture. Benefit: safer operation near stairs, ledges, and edge furniture; helps preserve both the robot and surrounding items. Positioning design: robot vacuum cleaners can determine their position and orientation using ranging sensors or vision sensors, and build accurate environmental maps. Benefit: enables efficient cleaning path planning and reduces repeated cleaning, improving overall coverage and performance. Use scenarios Scenario 1: Openplan living areas with multiple furniture pieces. The system detects larger objects and maps the space to plan an optimized route, avoiding repeated passes and minimizing collisions with tables and chairs. Scenario 2: Rooms with cables, toys, and clutter. Obstacle recognition quickly identifies obstacles over 1 cm to prevent tangling or collisions, helping the robot navigate safely through tight spaces. Scenario 3: Multiroom homes with stairs or ledges. Obstacle avoidance design prevents falls, while positioning and mapping create a reliable route that safely traverses transitions and maintains comprehensive cleaning coverage.